Diacanthodes cerebriporoides grows in the ground of the piedmont forest, probably associated with roots, causing white rot. Despite it not be able to assume an association to a specific host the fungal species is considered endemic to the Piedmont Forests of the Southern Yungas in Argentina and Bolivia. Also, despite being a large-sized species, it is considered rare, since only seven collections from five localities (2 collections from El Rey National Park (Salta), 2 collections form Calilegua National Park (Jujuy), 2 collections of protected areas of Tucuman province and 1 collections from an unprotected area in the Catamarca province) have been made in the last 70 years (1949-2022). Since only 10% of the original area of the Piedmont Forest is currently preserved (Malizia et al. 2012), we approximated that there could be around 100-150 sites in Argentina and Bolivia where the required conditions for this species exist. Therefore, it is inferred that currently there is a population consisting of between 1,000 and 3,000 mature individuals of D. cerebriporoides. The generation time of this species is 30 years, and it is predicted that, mainly due to climate change, the suitable area for the specific forest which harbors this species population is in continuing decline and will suffer a reduction at least of 15% in the next 30 years (year 2050) (Pacheco et al. 2010). Therefore, considering the threats to the species, especially the small area of its natural environment remaining, and which is seriously affected by anthropogenic disturbance and climate change, D. cerebriporoides is assessed as Vulnerable according to the criteria C2a(ii).

Diacanthodes cerebriporoides Robledo & Urcelay

Diacanthodes cerebriporoides is an endemic species of the Piedmont Forests of the Southern Yungas in Argentina and Bolivia.
Despite being a large-sized species, it is considered rare, since only seven collections have been made in the last 70 years (1949-2022). Since only 10% of the original area of the Piedmont Forest is currently preserved (Malizia et al. 2012), we estimated that there could be around 100-150 sites in Argentina and Bolivia where the required conditions for this species exist. Therefore, it is probable that currently there is a population consisting of between 1,000 and 3,000 mature individuals of D. cerebriporoides. The generation time of this species is 30 years, and it is predicted that, mainly due to climate change, the suitable area for the specific forest which harbors this species will decrease by 13-15% in the next 30 years (year 2050) (Pacheco et al. 2010).
Therefore, considering the threats to the species, especially the small area of its natural environment remaining, and which is seriously affected by anthropogenic disturbance and climate change.

Diacanthodes cerebriporoides is an endemic species of the Piedmont Forests of the Southern Yungas. All the collections were found exclusively in this environment, on an altitudinal gradient between 400 and 1000 m asl, in mature and well-preserved forests. Piedmont Forests lost 90% of its original area, being replaced by sugar cane and transgenic cultivars of soybean (Malizia et al. 2012), therefore, the species is likely present in 150 points in Argentina and Bolivia, based on there are not many natural environments left that present the conditions for this species to live.
Seven collections (1949-2011) from five localities are known for this species, 2 collections from El Rey National Park (Salta), 2 collections form Calilegua National Park (Jujuy), 2 collections of protected areas of Tucuman province and 1 collections from an unprotected area in the Catamarca province.

Diacanthodes cerebriporoides is considered a rare species. Although it has large-sized basidiomes, only seven records of this species have been found in 70 years. In addition, soil and root metagenomic analysis in NW Argentina (Geml et al. 2014, Wicaksono et al. 2017) did not find OTUs associated with Diacanthodes species, which would indicate that it is not a common species.
An average of 2 specimens were observed per site, but it is considered that it could appear 2 to 5 times more at each site with a greater sampling effort (5-10 specimens/site). Due to its solitary habit, it is estimated that currently there are between 1,000 and 3,000 mature individuals in one subpopulation. The generation time of this species is 30 years, and it is predicted that due to climate change, the area suitable for the specific forest which harbors this species will decrease by at least 15% in the next 30 years (year 2050) (Pacheco et al 2010), causing a continuing decline in the species population size.

Diacanthodes cerebriporoides grows in the ground of the piedmont forest, probably associated with roots, causing white rot (Rajchemberg & Robledo 2013 as D. novo-guineensis). No association to a specific host was found.

Yungas and especially the Piedmont Forests have been severely affected by agriculture, losing over 90% of the original area, and are being replaced by sugar cane and transgenic cultivars of soybean (Malizia et al. 2012). In addition, extensive livestock farming and forest fires are important disturbance factors in this ecosystem (Brown et al. 2002; Grau and Brown 2000; Malizia et al. 2012; Pacheco et al. 2010);.
In addition to anthropogenic disturbance, Pacheco et al. (2010) and Wicaksono et al. (2017) have recently predicted, based on modeled present and future distributions of tree species that suitable habitat area for piedmont and montane cloud forests will decrease due to climate change (Nouhra et al. 2018).

Most of the collections were found in protected areas, therefore, the main action to prevent a possible decline of the species is the preservation of quality of habitat. In addition, considering that in general, the piedmont forest is located on the limits of protected areas where there is an anthropogenic influence, it is suggested to reinforce the controls in these zones so that the protection of the species is effective. In addition, reinforce policies that stimulate citizen science, making the community know, value and collaborate in the conservation of species.

To achieve the conservation of the species, it is necessary to know more precisely the way of life of the species, if it presents any specific association with any host. In addition, it is essential to confirm if its distribution extends to the piedmont forests of other regions of the Yungas.

No use/trade is known

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