An American species (Calvatia subcretacea) that was recently recorded in Europe and subsequently transferred to Lycoperden based om molecular data (Jeppson & Larsson 2010).

An arctic-alpine species with a small world population (< 300 records globally). Grows in subarctic-alpine heathlands and grasslands (Europe) and subalpine coniferous woodlands (USA). The on-going climate change combined with ceasing reindeer grazing are threats in Europe (overgrowth). American situation unknown.

Described fron Western North America where it seems to occur regularly (Rocky Mountains, the Pacific North West and the Pacific South West). Ochoa & Moreno (2006) recorded it from a single locality in Mexico, In Europe recently identified from subalpine-arctic/alpine habitats in Norway and Sweden. An unverified record from The Pyrenees needs confirmation. Records from e-DNA soil samples from Asia (Taipee and Vietnam) and Africa (Rwanda) are doubtful (ITS 96-97% similarity with reference sequence) and should not be included in the present species concept.

Less than 300 occurrences globally (GBIF). A rare species with probable decrease (ongoing and future) in population due to climate change and ceased reindeer grazing.

Grows in Europe in subalpine-arctic-alpine habitats, on alpine heathland and grazed grasslands. One record in upper subalpine Betula forest grazed by reindeer. The American occurrences mainly among needles and duff in coniferous forests at high elevations in the Rocky Mountains, the Pacific North West and the Pacific South West.