• Proposed
  • 2Under Assessment
  • 3Preliminary Assessed
  • 4Assessed
  • 5Published

Cerrena cystidiata Rajchenb. & De Meijer

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Scientific name
Cerrena cystidiata
Author
Rajchenb. & De Meijer
Common names
 
IUCN Specialist Group
Mushroom, Bracket and Puffball
Kingdom
Fungi
Phylum
Basidiomycota
Class
Agaricomycetes
Order
Polyporales
Family
Polyporaceae
Assessment status
Proposed
Proposed by
Mauro C. Westphalen
Assessors
E. Ricardo Drechsler-Santos, Diogo H. Costa-Rezende
Comments etc.
Mauro C. Westphalen

Assessment Notes

Taxonomic notes

Cerrena cystidiata was described by Rajchenberg & Meijer (1990). The species has no known synonyms and its molecular placement in the genus has been recently confirmed by Westphalen & Motato-Vásquez (2022).


Why suggested for a Global Red List Assessment?

Cerrena cystidiata is a rare species known from only two localities in the Atlantic Forest, both forest remnants near urban areas. It is likely to become even rarer with the continued loss and degradation of the habitat in the Atlantic Forest due to human activity and climate change.


Geographic range

Cerrena cystidiata is known only from two sites, one in Serra da Cantareira in São Paulo State (dense ombrophilous forest) and one in Reserva do Cambuí Paraná State (mixed ombrophilous forest). The sites are about 360 km apart from each other and located in Atlantic Forest Domain, in forest remnants inside urban areas.  The species is expected to occur in other areas of the Atlantic Forest domain in southern and southeastern Brazil, with a mostly subtropical distribution.


Population and Trends

Cerrena cystidiata is known from seven collections, four from São Paulo State and three from Paraná State (type locality). In over 20 years of surveys in southern and southeastern Brazil since the species description, it has been registered only three times in São Paulo. Therefore, it is likely a rare species in its area of occurrence.
Taking into account the amount of potential appropriate habitat for the species, there are 1,500 estimated sites, with 3-6 mature individuals each. Total population is estimated at 45,000 mature individuals. It is likely that these numbers are overestimated, as the species may not find conditions to occur in much of its potential range, given the poor current state of the forests where it is known from (Tabarelli et al. 2010).
With the only subpopulation known occurring in urban areas in the Atlantic Forest domain, that has just 28% of its original area remaining (Tabarelli et al. 2010, Rezende et al. 2018), and in Araucaria Forests that have lost about 97% of the original cover in the last 100 years (Castro et al. 2020), the species has projected decline in population size of at least 20% in 40 years. Population decline was estimated in light of extension loss of suitable habitat (Rezende et al. 2018, Castro et al. 2020) and the putative influence that habitat degradation has on species occupation in a given environment (Berglund & Jonsson 2002, Haddad et al. 2015)

Population Trend: Decreasing


Habitat and Ecology

Cerrena cystidiata is a white-rot wood-decaying fungus currently known from the Atlantic Forest domain in southern and southeastern Brazil. It grows on dead logs of angiosperms. The species is expected to be rare but widespread throughout other areas of the Atlantic Forest in southern and southeastern Brazil.

Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland ForestSubtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest

Threats

The Atlantic Forest is regarded as a biodiversity hotspot for conservation priorities due to its high diversity, endemism rates and habitat loss (Myers et al. 2000). This phytogeographical domain is estimated to have only 28% of its vegetation remaining, with the remnants being fragmented and composed mostly by secondary forests (Tabarelli et al. 2010, Rezende et al. 2018). About 60% of the Brazilian population lives in the Atlantic Forest, mainly in coastal areas, where the country’s largest cities are located (Rezende et al. 2018). Also, reduction and ‘savannization’ of Atlantic Forest is expected due to climate change in the next decades (Salazar et al. 2007). In addition, the type locality of the species is in an Araucaria Forest (mixed ombrophilous forest), which is characterized by the presence of the species Araucaria angustifolia. These forests are restricted to regions with subtropical climate in southern/south-eastern Brazil, as well as north-eastern Argentina and parts of Paraguay. However, they have lost about 97% of the original cover in the last 100 years, mainly due to logging, a decline that is still ongoing. Only a small part of the Araucaria Forests are in conservation areas, and studies suggest that, due to climate change, by 2070 they could be restricted to highland microrefugia, from which only 2,5% are in conservation areas (Castro et al. 2020, Tagliari et al. 2021).

Housing & urban areas

Conservation Actions

The main conservation action required is the continuity and enhancement of protection within Conservation Areas and enforcement of public policies to recover secondary forests. Also, more surveys are needed to better clarify the species’ distribution in Brazil.

Site/area protectionResource & habitat protection

Research needed

Cerrena cystidiata is known from two locations in Brazil, with at least 360 km distance between them. More surveys in the probable area of occurrence are needed to verify if the species may be even rarer than it seems and understand its distribution and ecology.

Population size, distribution & trends

Use and Trade

Unknown

Bibliography

Berglund H, Jonsson BG. 2003. Nested plant and fungal communities; the importance of area and habitat quality in maximizing species capture in boreal old-growth forests. Biol. Conserv. 112: 319–328 (2).
Castro MB, Barbosa ACMC, Pompeu PV, Eisenlohr PV, Pereira GA, Apgaua DMG, Pires-Oliveira JC, Barbosa JPRAD, Fontes MA, dos Santos RM, Tng DYP. 2020. Will the emblematic southern conifer Araucaria angustifolia survive to climate change in Brazil?. Biodivers Conserv 29, 591–607. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-019-01900-x
Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica (2018). Atlas dos Remanescentes Florestais da Mata Atlântica: Período 2017-2018. Arcplan. 35 p.
Haddad NM, Brudvig LA, Clobert J, Davies K, Gonzalez A, Holt RD, Lovejoy TE, Sexton JO, Austin MP, Collins CD, Cook WM, Damschen EI, Ewers RM, Foster BL, Jenkins CN, King AJ, Laurance WF, Levey DJ, Margules CR, Melbourne BA, Nicholls AO, Orrock JL, Song DX, Townshend JR. 2015. Habitat fragmentation and its lasting impact on Earth’s ecosystems. Science Advances, 1(2): 2015;1:e1500052. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1500052.
Myers N, Mittermeier RA, Mittermeier CG, Fonseca GA, Kent J (2000) Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403(6772): 853-858.
Rajchenberg, M. & de Meijer, A.A.R. (1990) New and noteworthy polypores from Paraná and São Paulo States, Brazil. Mycotaxon 38: 173–185.
Rezende CL, Scarano FR, Assad ED, Joly CA, Metzger JP, Strassburg BBN, Tabarelli M, Fonseca GA, Mittermeier RA (2018) From hotspot to hopespot: An opportunity for the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation. Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation 16(4): 208-214.
Salazar LF, Nobre CA, Oyama MD (2007) Climate change consequences on the biome distribution in tropical South America. Geophysical Research Letters 34(9).
Tabarelli M, Aguiar AV, Ribeiro MC, Metzger JP, Peres CA. (2010) Prospects for biodiversity conservation in the Atlantic Forest: Lessons from aging human-modified landscapes. Biological Conservation, 143(10), 2328–2340. doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2010.02.005
Tagliari MM, Vieilledent G, Alves J, Silveira TCL, Peroni N. 2021. Relict populations of Araucaria angustifolia will be isolated, poorly protected, and unconnected under climate and land-use change in Brazil. Biodiversity and Conservation. doi:10.1007/s10531-021-02270-z
Westphalen MC & Motato-Vásquez V. 2022. A New Species of Pseudolagarobasidium from Brazil and New Insights on Cerrena (Basidiomycota, Cerrenaceae). Phytotaxa 555 (2): 159–68.


Country occurrence

Regional Population and Trends

Country Trend Redlisted