LichensA - cannot apply without a generation length, could potentially meet a threat category threshold of population decline because of potential extirpation due to Big Basin fire
EN B2a,b(i,ii,iii,iv) - application suggested by author works well
C - requires estimate of number of individuals
D - requires estimate of number of individuals
D2 - would only place in VU category, thus EN based on B2 is more applied instead
AOO much smaller than 500 km2 and there are only three known locations one of which have burned since the species was recorded. The populations are severely fragmented and a continued decline of extent, area, quality of habitat, and number of locations.
This species was described by Bendiksby, Reese Næsborg and Timdal (2018), and the type specimen was found in Big Basin Redwoods State Park, Santa Cruz County, CA.
EOO = 5,893.261 km2
AOO = 24.000 km2 (current) -132 km2 (potential)
Localities = 3 (current) - 30 (potential)
Generation time = 33 years
Severely fragmented.
Old-growth coast redwood forest in Northern California. The species has been found in Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park, Armstrong Redwoods State National Reserve, and Big Basin Redwoods State Park. It could be present in the other old-growth parks between Jedediah Smith Redwoods SP and Big Basin Redwoods SP, but this has not been verified. This would increase the AOO and the number of localities up to a maximum of around 132 km2 and 30 localities. Known EOO = 5,893.261 km2, AOO = 24.000 km2, Localities = 3
The species has so far only been found on old-growth coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) trees.
Population Trend: Decreasing
The species was observed on coarse, fibrous bark and occasionally on charred bark between 5 and 75 m above ground level along the trunks of large coast redwood trees (Sequoia sempervirens) in old-growth redwood forests. It appears to have an affinity for old and stable bark surfaces on the main trunks.
Only ca. 5% of old-growth coast redwood forest are left after decades of timber harvest, so the lichen subpopulations are likely severely fragmented. However, most old coast redwood trees are currently protected in State and National Parks.
Wildfires, which are projected to increase in frequency and severity, are the most imminent threat. The southernmost location, Big Basin Redwoods State Park experienced a high intensity fire in 2020, and as conditions get warmer and drier, even parks in the north may experience hot, devastating fires in the future. The occurrences in Big Basin were likely, if not extirpated, then severely impacted by the fire. Extirpation from Big Basin would result in a 97.7% reduction of EOO and a 33% reduction in AOO.
Actions to stop climate change from getting worse is needed.
This species is difficult to get accurate knowledge about since it requires climbing of the trees to get to where it grows. The species is too tiny to see from the ground and anatomical and chemical test need to be performed to confidently identify it. Climbing without a research permit is strictly prohibited in all State and National Parks.
Other possible hosts could be other members of Cupressaceae that share similar bark textural characteristics to coast redwood, and these should be explored.
None
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