- Scientific name
- Tropicoporus drechsleri
- Author
- Salvador-Montoya & Popoff
- Common names
-
- IUCN Specialist Group
- Mushroom, Bracket and Puffball
- Kingdom
- Fungi
- Phylum
- Basidiomycota
- Class
- Agaricomycetes
- Order
- Hymenochaetales
- Family
- Hymenochaetaceae
- Assessment status
-
Published
- Assessment date
- 2020-05-27
- IUCN Red List Category
-
VU
- IUCN Red List Criteria
-
C2a(ii)
- Assessors
- Drechsler-Santos, E.R., Kossmann, T., Bittencourt, F., Salvador Montoya, C.A. & da Cunha, K.M.
- Reviewers
- Mueller, G.M.
Assessment Notes
Justification
Tropicoporus drechsleri is currently known from several sites in Argentina, in the Chaco and Selva Misionera (Atlantic Forest), and one site in the western part of Santa Catarina State, Brazil, (also in the Atlantic Forest). It is a specific parasite of
Cordia americana, and its distribution is expected to match that of its host, ranging between 20º-30º S latitude in South America, from the Atlantic Forest to the east up to the Andean mountains to the west, in the Chaco domain. It is also expected to be found in Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay. There are an estimated 400-500 sites throughout its host's distribution, each potentially containing 10-20 mature individuals. Total population size is estimated at 5,000 to 10,000 mature individuals distributed in one subpopulation. A population size reduction of 10-20% in 70 years (three generations based on the phenology of the host tree) is suspected due to past and ongoing loss of suitable habitat in the Atlantic Forest and Chaco.
Tropicoporus drechsleri is classified as Vulnerable.
Taxonomic notes
Tropicoporus drechsleri was recently described by Salvador-Montoya
et al. (2018) based on molecular phylogenetic analysis (although it is morphologically distinctive) as a new species in the "
Inonotus linteus" species complex. The collections examined to determine the species were previously identified as
Tropicoporus linteus (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) L.W.Zhou & Y.C.Dai.
Geographic range
Tropicoporus drechsleri is currently known from several sites in Argentina, in Chaco and Selva Misionera (Atlantic Forest), and one site in the western part of Santa Catarina State of Brazil (also in the Atlantic Forest). The species is a specific parasite of
Cordia americana, and its distribution is expected to match that of its host which ranges between 20º-30º S latitude in South America, from the Atlantic Forest to the east up to the Andean mountains to the west, in the Chaco domain. It is also expected to be found in Bolivia, Paraguay and Uruguay.
Based on the its host distribution and population density, T. drechsleri is expected to be more abundant in the Atlantic Forest, followed by the Chaco domain.
Population and Trends
The species is known from 18 records in 8 sites in Argentina and Brazil. All but one of the sites are in Argentina, near the type locality. There are an estimated 400-500 sites throughout its host's distribution, each potentially containing 10-20 mature individuals. The total population size is estimated at between 5,000 to 10,000 mature individuals distributed in one subpopulation.
The Chaco has been suffering a rapid decline is the last 50 years, mainly due to deforestation for planting soy bean (Fearnside 2001, Kaimowitz and Smith 2001, Grau et al. 2005). In north-western Argentina, the Chaco domain lost 20% of its remaining area from 1972 to 2001 (Grau et al. 2005). In Bolivia, Chiquitano forest, the Chaco lost 48% of its original area, also because of establishment of agricultural fields (Steininger et al. 2001). Additionally, the Atlantic Forest domain has only 28% of its original area (Rezende et al. 2018). Due to the Atlantic Forest and Chaco loss of area in the past, and the current situation in areas where the species occurs, there is an suspected population size reduction of 10-20% in 70 years (three generations, based on the phenology of the host tree).
Population Trend: decreasing
Habitat and Ecology
The species is parasitic and likely host specific on
Cordia americana. Its range is estimated to follow that of its host’s in the Atlantic Forest (Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay), Chaco (Argentina and possible in Bolivia and Paraguay), and likely in Montes Ribereños (Uruguay).
Threats
Tropicoporus drechsleri and its host,
Cordia americana, are mainly distributed in two domains, the Atlantic Forest and the Chaco. Both domains are considered deforestation hotspots, suffering loss of area mainly due to agriculture and human occupation (Pinto
et al. 2006, Gasparri and Grau 2009). The species is also threatened by 'savannization' of the tropical forests in South America caused by climate change (Salazar
et al. 2007).
Conservation Actions
The main action needed for the conservation of the species is to protect areas where its host occurs by establishing additional Conservation Units as the decline in protected areas is substantially reduced. For example, between 1989 and 2000 the deforestation in major protected areas of Atlantic Forest in Paraguay was 6.07%, contrasting with an nearly 80% loss of area in unprotected sites. These data document the success of protection policies. More surveys are also needed to confirm estimated sites of occurrence, as well as to better understand its distribution, phenology and ecology.
Use and Trade
No use/trade is known.
Source and Citation
Drechsler-Santos, E.R., Kossmann, T., Bittencourt, F., Salvador Montoya, C.A. & da Cunha, K.M. 2020. Tropicoporus drechsleri. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T187001751A187004610.
https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T187001751A187004610.en .Accessed on 2 February 2024